ENDOMETRIAL POLYPS

What are endometrial polyps?

The uterus is made of 3 layers:

• Outer layer called ‘serosa’

• Middle muscle layer called ‘myometrium’

• Inner layer called ‘endometrium’

Polyps are usually non-cancerous growths of the endometrium. They can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.

How do I know if I have endometrial polyps?

If you have endometrial polyps, you might experience:

• Heavy or longer menstrual periods

• Bleeding in-between your periods

• Bleeding after sex

• Bleeding after you have reached menopause

How are endometrial polyps diagnosed?

Ultrasound is the most common test to detect polyps. Sound waves are used to create a picture of the uterus.

Sometimes, sonohysterograms are needed to diagnose polyps. This is a test where fluid is put into the uterus through the cervix. Ultrasound is then used to create a picture of the inside of the uterus.

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I have an endometrial polyp. Does it need to be treated?

If your polyp is small and not causing symptoms, you do not need treatment.

Endometrial polyps should be treated if:

• You have heavy bleeding

• You have bleeding in-between periods

• You have bleeding after menopause

• You have breast cancer and are on hormone treatment

• It is large and/or has concerning features on the ultrasound

How can the endometrial polyp be removed?

The polyp can be removed using a procedure called hysteroscopic polypectomy. This is a short day procedure. A telescope is placed into the uterus through the vagina so that we can see the polyp. Using an electrical current or mechanical cutting, the polyp is removed. You might have some cramping and discharge after the procedure. The recovery time is usually only 1-2 days after the procedure.